Which principle focuses on respecting a patient's right to make their own healthcare decisions?

• A. Autonomy
• B. Beneficence
• C. Justice
• D. Fidelity

Answer: (A)

Autonomy centers on respecting a patient’s right to decide their own healthcare. It means recognizing their capacity to choose, providing clear information about options and risks, and obtaining informed consent before any treatment. Even when clinicians believe another path would be better, autonomy requires honoring the patient’s informed choice. This contrasts with beneficence (acting for the patient’s best interest), justice (fairness and equal access), and fidelity (keeping promises and building trust). For example, a patient who understands the options and still chooses to decline a procedure should be supported in that decision.